Saturday, February 23, 2013

GRAMMAR TIP: Have got/Have

Hola a todos!

Queria hacer una grammar tip some un error muy interesante que mucha gente comete. Es la diferencia entre  "HAVE GOT" y "HAVE" en el simple present,  y la verdad es, que no hay practicamente ninguna cuando los usamos en el simple present. Pero hay un gran error en la forma en que la gente los usa. Asi que aqui esta. grammar tip del dia, "Have got/Have":

Las expresiones "has got" y "have got" son de alguna manera informales y algunas veces aparecen en su version contraida, como en “He’s got” y en “They’ve got.”  Aunque esta expresion ha sido tachada como una innecesaria sustitucion del verbo "To have", es una expresion perfectamente idiomatica. Esta solo añade enfasis.  En ingles americano, “have got” es una forma con mas enfasis de usar "To have". Por ejemplo, si decimos “I’ve got a really big TV,” pongo mas enfasis en el factor del tamaño de mi TV que si digo “I have a really big TV.” Si dices "I haven’t got any money", pones enfasis en el factor de que estar arruinado. Ten en cuenta que solo puedes usar “has got” o “have got” solo en present tense.
Si quieres hablar sobre tu enorme TV en past tense, dirias “I had a really big TV.” en lugar de "I had got a really big TV".

Simple present: "Have" and "Have got"

Los verbos "To have" o "Have got" indican posesion, que algo pertenece a la persona de la que hablas. Ejemplos:

have a beautiful house / Yo tengo una casa bonita
They have got so many friends / Ellos tienen muchisimos amigos
We have a new computer / Nosotros tenemos un ordenador nuevo
She has got a blue car / Ella tiene un coche azul
He has a lot of movies / El tiene muchas peliculas

Estos pueden indicar deber, resposabilidad. Ejemplos:

You have to clean the house / Tu tienes que limpiar la casa
have got to go to school everyday / Yo tengo que ir a la escuela todos los dias
She has to work 6 days a week / Ella tiene que trabajar 6 dias a la semana
We have got to do our homework this afternoon / Nosotros tenemos que hacer los deberes esta tarde

En afirmativa, negativa e interrogativa, "To have" es usado como cualquier otro verbo. Ejemplo:

We have a new computer / Nosotros tenemos un ordenador nuevo
don't have a beautiful house / Yo no tengo una casa bonita
Does she have to work 6 days a week? No, she doesn't. / Tiene ella que trabajar 6 dias a la semana?

Pero para "Have got", nosotros tenemos que hacer un pequeño cambio.

En afirmativa, lo usamos como un verbo normal. Ejemplos:

We have got to do our homework this afternoon / Nosotros tenemos que hacer los deberes esta tarde
She has got a blue car / Ella tiene un coche azul
have got to go to school everyday / Yo tengo que ir a la escuela todos los dias
They have got so many friends / Ellos tienen muchisimos amigos

Pero en negativa, en lugar de usar el verbo "To do" como un auxiliar, cambiamos "Have got" para formar la negativa. Asi, en lugar de decir "I don´t have got a house", diriamos "I haven't got a house". Ejemplos:

We haven't got to do our homework this afternoon / Nosotros no tenemos que hacer los deberes esta tarde
She hasn't got a blue car / Ella no tiene un coche azul
haven't got to go to school everyday / Yo no tengo que ir a las escuela todos los dias
They haven't got so many friends / Ellos no tienen muchisimos amigos

En interrogativa, en lugar de usar el verbo "To do", ponemos "have" al principio de la pregunta. Ejemplos:


Have we got to do our homework this afternoon? / Tenemos nosotros que hacer los deberes esta tarde?
Hasn't she got a blue car? / Tiene ella un coche azul?
Have I got to go to school everyday? / Tengo yo que ir a la escuela todos los dias?
Haven't they got so many friends? / No tienen ellos muchisimos amigos?

Decir "have got" es un poco mas fuerte que usar "must". Por ejemplo, si llego tarde, quizas le diga a mi amigo "I have got to go now," con enfasis en la palabra “got.” Cuando estamos hablando con amigos, quizas dejemos fuera la palabra "have", como en "I got to go now" o incluso diriamos “I gotta go now.” Estas dos son expresiones consideradas ingles coloquial y no deberias usarlas en ingles formal, como en un examen, o en un trabajo. Puedes usar "must" o "have to" en su lugar.

A veces "have got” es usado en lugar de “have” dependiendo del lugar de donde eres. En ingles americano, "have" es mas usado que en ingles britanico.” Por ejemplo, en Reino Unido. probablemente escucharas mas la pregunta “Have you got this book in stock?” mientras en America, “Do you have this book in stock?” seria mas comun. Como ya he dicho, es perfectamente correcto decir “have got” si estas en America, aunque es menos comun que "have". Incluso menos formal que "have got" — y probablemente cuestionado por la mayoria de los gramaticos— es simplemente "got". Pero "He got" es una muy, muy coloquial forma de decir "He has". 


Vamos a verlo con algunos ejemplos:

Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street
HAVE A LITTLE PRIEST


MRS. LOVETT
That's all very well, but what we gonna do about him?

SWEENEY TODD
Later on when it's dark, we'll take it to some secret place and bury him

LOVETT
Oh yeah. Of course we could do that. I don't 'spose he's got any relatives gonna come pokin' 'round lookin' for him.
Seems a downright shame...

TODD
Shame?

LOVETT
Seems an awful waste...
Such a nice, plump frame
Wot's 'is name has...
Had...
Has
Nor it can't be traced...
Bus'ness needs a lift,
Debts to be erased...
Think of it as thrift,
As a gift,
If you get my drift
Seems an awful waste...
I mean, with the price of meat
What it is,
When you get it,
If you get it...

TODD
Ah!

LOVETT
Good, you got it!

Take, for instance, Mrs. Mooney and her pie shop!
Bus'ness never better using only pussycats and toast!
Now a pussy's good for maybe six or seven at the most!
And I'm sure they can't compare as far as taste!


TODD
Mrs. Lovett, what a charming notion

LOVETT
Well, it does seem a waste...

TODD
Eminently practical
And yet appropriate as always!

LOVETT
Think about it...

TODD
Mrs. Lovett, how I've lived
Without you all these years, I'll never know!
How delectable!
Also undetectable!

LOVETT
Lots of other gentlemen'll
Soon be comin' for a shave,
Won't they?
Think of
All them
Pies!

TODD
How choice!
How
Rare!
For what's the sound of the world out there?

LOVETT
What, Mr. Todd?
What, Mr. Todd?
What is that sound?

TODD
Those crunching noises pervading the air!

LOVETT
Yes, Mr. Todd!
Yes, Mr. Todd!
Yes, all around!

TODD
It's man devouring man, my dear!

BOTH:
Then who are we to deny it in here?

TODD
These are desperate times,
Mrs. Lovett, and desperate measures are called for!

LOVETT
Here we are, now! Hot out of the oven!

TODD
What is that?

LOVETT:
It's priest. Have a little priest.

TODD
Is it really good?

LOVETT
Sir, it's too good, at least!
Then again, they don't commit sins of the flesh,
So it's pretty fresh.

TODD
Awful lot of fat.

LOVETT
Only where it sat.

TODD
Haven't you got poet, or something like that?

LOVETT
No, y'see, the trouble with poet is
'Ow do you know it's deceased?
Try the priest!

Lawyer's rather nice.

TODD
If it's for a price.

LOVETT
Order something else, though, to follow,
Since no one should swallow it twice!

TODD
Anything that's lean?

LOVETT
Well, then, if you're British and loyal,
You might enjoy Royal Marine!
Anyway, it's clean.
Though of course, it tastes of wherever it's been!

TODD
Is that squire, on the fire?

LOVETT
Mercy no, sir, look closer,
You'll notice it's grocer!

TODD
Looks thicker,
More like vicar!

LOVETT
No, it has to be grocer --
It's green!

TODD
The history of the world, my love --

LOVETT
Save a lot of graves,
Do a lot of relatives favors!

TODD
Is those below serving those up above!

LOVETT
Ev'rybody shaves,
So there should be plenty of flavors!

TODD
How gratifying for once to know

BOTH
That those above will serve those down below!

TODD
What is that?

LOVETT
It's fop.
Finest in the shop.
And we have some shepherd's pie peppered
With actual shepherd on top!
And I've just begun --
Here's the politician, so oily
It's served with a doily,
Have one!

TODD
Put it on a bun.
Well, you never know if it's going to run!

LOVETT
Try the friar,
Fried, it's drier!

TODD
No, the clergy is really
Too coarse and too mealy!


LOVETT
Then actor,
It's compacter!

TODD
Ah but always arrives overdone!
I'll come again when you have judge on the menu!

Have charity towards the world, my pet!

LOVETT
Yes, yes, I know, my love!

TODD
We'll take the customers that we can get!

LOVETT
High-born and low, my love!

TODD
We'll not discriminate great from small!
No, we'll serve anyone,
We'll serve anyone

BOTH
And to anyone
At All!


Amy Walker: DO YOU HAVE AN ACCENT?


AMY WALKER
Hello, I'm Amy Walker from third man news. Obviously I've had some vocal training to enable me to sound like I'm from nowhere. But today, we're gonna go find some people who are from somewhere, or at least, sound like they are from somewhere?
May I have your name?
MAN
Sherman
AMY WALKER
And where are you from Sherman?
MAN
I live in Nashville
AMY WALKER
So, Do you have an accent?
MAN
No
WOMAN
Well, I never though we did, but I remember one time visiting our relatives in Texas and they told me I had a terrible accent.
...
AMY WALKER (1:05)
Do you have any favourite accents?



Espero que os guste!


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